feat: add entry metadata system with compile-time typed values

Add `Metadata<B>` trait and `#[metadata(Entry)]` attribute macro
to attach arbitrary, compile-time-typed metadata to entries.
Implement `ProgramCollect::get_metadata<T>()` for runtime retrieval,
backed by a global registry populated by `register_metadata!`.

Extend `pathf` with `MetadataPattern` to resolve metadata types
across modules at build time. Add two examples demonstrating
metadata usage with and without pathf integration.

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